Late outcomes of strategic arch resection in acute type A aortic dissection

Objective

To compare perioperative and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing hemiarch and aggressive arch replacement for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).

脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2与脑梗死患者颈部动脉粥样硬化斑块的关系

目的 探讨脑梗死患者血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2（lipoprotein-related phospholipase A2，Lp-PLA2）及 超敏C反应蛋白（hi gh-sensitivity C-reactive protein，hs-CRP）水平与颈部动脉粥样硬化性斑块的关系。 方法 选择2017年1月-2018年3月郑州市第三人民医院诊断为脑梗死的患者243例，另外选择同期 体检的无脑梗死患者120例作为对照组。2组研究对象均检测血清Lp-PLA2、hs-CRP水平。依据颈部动 脉超声检查结果将脑梗死患者进一步分为无斑块组、稳定斑块组和易损斑块组。 结果 ①脑梗死患者的血清Lp-PLA2（[ 180.04±35.02）ng/mL vs（152.13±39.67）ng/mL，P=0.014]、 hs-CRP[（10.02±0.47）mg/L vs（2.64±0.33）mg/L，P =0.017]水平高于对照组。②稳定斑块组 （[ 162.96±11.34）ng/mL，P=0.013]和易损斑块组（[ 197.79±32.56）ng/mL，P=0.004]Lp-PLA2水平高 于无斑块组（[ 143.67±12.35）ng/mL]；易损斑块组Lp-PLA2水平高于稳定斑块组（P=0.007），差异均 有统计学意义。③易损斑块组血清hs-CRP水平[（12.86±1.67）mg/L]高于稳定斑块组[（10.82±0.53） mg/L，P=0.029]及无斑块组（[ 9.54±0.47）mg/L，P=0.037]，差异有统计学意义。 结论 在脑梗死患者中，血清Lp-PLA2与hs-CRP可能与颈部动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生及其不稳定性 有关。     

Ephrin-A2 affects wound healing and scarring in a murine model of excisional injury

Ephrin ligand/Eph receptor signaling is important in both tissue development and homeostasis. There is increasing evidence that Ephrin/Eph signaling is important in the skin, involved in hair follicle cycling, epidermal differentiation, cutaneous innervation and skin cancer. However, there is currently limited information on the role of Ephrin/Eph signaling in cutaneous wound healing. Here we report the effects of the Ephrin-A2 and A5 ligands on wound healing. Using Ephrin-A2^−/−, Ephrin-A5^−/− and Ephrin-A2A5^−/− transgenic mice, in vitro wound healing assays were conducted using isolated keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Ephrin-A2^−/−, Ephrin-A2A5^−/− and wild type mice with excisional wounds were used to analyze the impact of these ligands on wound closure, scar outcome, collagen orientation and re-innervation in vivo.The absence of the Ephrin-A2 and A5 ligands did not have any effect on dermal fibroblast proliferation or on fibroblast or keratinocyte migration. The loss of Ephrin-A2 and A5 ligands did not impact on the rate of wound closure or re-innervation after injury. However, changes in the gross morphology of the healed scar and in collagen histology of the scar dermis were observed in transgenic mice. Therefore Ephrin-A2 and A5 ligands may play an important role in final scar appearance associated with collagen deposition and structure.     

Dietary habits in Japanese patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: Low intake of meat in psoriasis and high intake of vitamin A in psoriatic arthritis

Psoriasis is characterized by T‐helper 17 cell‐dominant abnormal immunity, and hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes. Some patients are associated with arthritis. Dietary habits can modulate the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Previous studies in Western countries showed higher body mass indices, higher intake of fat and lower intake of fish or vegetables in psoriatic patients compared with the reference groups. We evaluated dietary habits in adult Japanese psoriatic patients, using a validated brief‐type self‐administered dietary history questionnaire, and compared the results to those of age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. The results in psoriatic patients with arthritis were compared with those in the patients without. Japanese psoriatic patients showed higher body mass indices, higher intake of fish/shellfish, pulses, sugar/sweeteners, vitamin B₁₂ and vitamin D, and lower intake of meat, compared with those of healthy controls. The logistic regression analysis showed that psoriasis was associated with high body mass index and low intake of meat. The intake of confection in patients with high Psoriasis Area and Severity Index was higher than that in those with low index. The intake of β‐carotene, vitamin A and green/yellow vegetables in psoriatic patients with arthritis were higher than those in the patients without. The dietary habits in Japanese psoriatic patients are rather different from those in Western patients. This is the first study showing the differences in dietary habits between psoriatic patients with arthritis and those without. Further studies should elucidate the relationships of these results with skin and joint lesions in psoriatic patients.     

5%复方利多卡因乳膏缓解眼睑痉挛患者注射A型肉毒毒素相关疼痛的效果

目的 评价5%复方利多卡因乳膏缓解眼睑痉挛患者注射A型肉毒毒素相关疼痛的效果。设计 病例对照研究。研究对象 采取便利抽样法，选取24例2018年8-12月在北京同仁医院因眼睑痉挛接受A型肉毒毒素注射治疗，且在既往未给予疼痛干预情况下，视觉模拟评分法（visual analogue scale，VAS）疼痛评分≥8分的患者。方法 采用数字随机法随机确定观察眼的眼别，观察眼眼睑注射部位在注射前给予5%复方利多卡因乳膏涂抹30分钟，对侧眼眼睑注射部位未予干预作为对照。注射后立即应用VAS对患者进行疼痛评分，2周后随访，记录其他不良反应。主要指标 VAS疼痛评分、不良反应。结果 24例观察眼的VAS疼痛评分为6.73±1.25，对照眼为8.68±0.42（P=0.000），随访期间未观察到明显不良反应。结论 5%利多卡因乳膏可以安全、有效地缓解眼睑痉挛患者接受A型肉毒毒素注射时的相关疼痛，可临床推广应用。     

养阴利咽饮与玉液散吹喉对阴虚肺燥型慢性咽炎患者血清因子的影响

目的:探讨养阴利咽饮与玉液散吹喉对阴虚肺燥型慢性咽炎患者血清炎性因子的影响。方法:将2015年8月至2017年3月山东省淄博市第四人民医院收治的慢性咽炎患者118例作为研究对象,按治疗方法不同分为对照组和观察组,每组59例。对照组用常规西药治疗,观察组用养阴利咽饮与玉液散吹喉治疗,均连续治疗30 d。比较2组临床疗效,观察并比较治疗前后2组患者主要临床症状改善情况,唾液中分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)、血清炎性因子水平及生命质量变化。结果:治疗后观察组总有效率为91.53%,高于对照组的76.27%(P<0.05)。治疗后2组咽痛、干咳、咽黏膜充血水肿临床症状积分低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.01)。与治疗前比较,治疗后2组患者唾液中SIgA水平均明显升高,血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平均明显降低,且2组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。治疗后2组患者SF-36各项评分均明显高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:养阴利咽饮与玉液散吹喉联用可降低阴虚肺燥型慢性咽炎患者血清TNF-α、CRP水平,升高唾液中SIgA含量,改善患者临床症状,提高患者生命质量。     

尿石素A激活自噬改善糖尿病小鼠肝脏胰岛素抵抗研究

目的研究尿石素A(UA)对2型糖尿病模型小鼠肝脏胰岛素信号通路的影响及与自噬的关系。方法将C57BL/6小鼠按体质量随机分成4组,即对照组、模型组、尿石素A(50 mg/kg)组、尿石素A(50 mg/kg)联合氯喹(50 mg/kg)组,高脂饲料喂养6周后,ip链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立2型糖尿病模型。各组小鼠ig给药7周,检测小鼠体质量、饮水量、血脂、空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)水平;计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、胰岛素敏感指数(ISI);HE染色观察小鼠肝组织病理变化;蛋白免疫印迹法检测小鼠肝组织磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-Akt)、葡萄糖转运蛋白2(Glut2)、磷酸化糖原合酶激酶-3β(p-GSK3β)及自噬相关蛋白微管相关蛋白质1轻链3Ⅱ/Ⅰ(LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ)、选择性自噬接头蛋白(p62)表达水平。结果与模型组比较,UA能够显著改善糖尿病模型小鼠肝组织脂肪变和水肿;显著降低血浆三酰甘油(TG)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、FBG、FINS水平,升高高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)水平(P0.01);显著降低HOMA-IR,升高ISI(P0.01);上调肝组织p-Akt、Glut2、p-GSK3β、LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ蛋白表达,抑制p62蛋白表达(P0.01)。联合氯喹后,小鼠FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR增加,ISI降低(P0.05);肝组织水肿和脂肪病变明显加重;肝组织p-Akt、Glut2、LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ蛋白表达水平降低,p62蛋白表达水平升高(P0.05),显示自噬抑制剂氯喹明显削弱了UA的作用。结论 UA可能是通过激活肝脏自噬改善糖尿病小鼠肝脏胰岛素抵抗。